• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to - a laminated glazing unit (1) comprising a first structural fold (4) assembled to a first sheet of glass (2) 0.5 to 1.5 mm thick by means of a first layer interlayer adhesive (3), said first glass sheet (2) constituting a first outer face (21) of the laminated glazing (1), the face of said first glass sheet (2) facing said first interlayer adhesive layer (3) carrying a first conductive heating layer (11) of 2 Angstroms at 500 nm in thickness, and said first conductive heating layer (11) having flow separation lines of 0.05 to 0.2 mm in thickness spaced from 8 at 20 mm, and - the application of this glazing as airplane or helicopter cockpit glazing.
    公开号:FR3038249A1
    申请号:FR1556269
    申请日:2015-07-02
    公开日:2017-01-06
    发明作者:Thomas Tondu；Pierre Chaussade；Vincent Legois
    申请人:Saint Gobain Glass France SAS；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    GLAZING WITH OUTER GLASS SHEET AMINISHED AND
    HEATING LAYER WITH FLOW SEPARATION LINES
    The present invention relates to heating glazing (anti-frost function) using a conductive layer, in particular for aeronautics (aircraft and helicopter).
    Heated aeronautical glazings are laminates of two or three glass or organic folds. Prevention of the appearance of frost on aeronautical glazing can be done by joule heating by means of a transparent and electrically conductive layer. The heating layer is deposited with heterogeneities of surface resistance in order to limit the heterogeneity of surface power (it is known to heat only rectangles uniformly). Typically, the heating layer is deposited on a glass 3 mm thick. The heating is regulated by means of a temperature sensor representative of the average temperature of the heating layer.
    The currently used heating layer supports, typically 3mm thick glass because historically semi tempered glass (the thermal toughening of very thin glasses is impossible) impose a heating often excessive because the thickness of glass strongly degrades the information on the actual temperature of the external skin of the glazing that must be maintained above 0 ° C. Furthermore, the area most subject to frost is the one with the lowest specific power (with equal flow of supercooled water droplets that frost on contact with the glass at less than 0 ° C) and it is on this area that must be dimensioned the heating system. In the most heated areas, the energy consumption is excessive. The main purpose of the invention is thus to reduce the sufficient power of a heating glazing unit to guarantee the absence of frost formation over its entire surface. To this end, the subject of the invention is a laminated glazing unit comprising a first structural fold assembled to a first 0.5 to 1.5 mm thick glass sheet by means of a first intermediate adhesive layer, characterized in that said first sheet of glass constitutes a first outer face of the laminated glazing, in that the face of said first sheet of glass facing said first interlayer adhesive layer carries a first conductive heating layer of 2 Angstroms at 500 nm thickness, and in that said first heating conductive layer has 0.05 to 0.2 mm thick flux separation lines spaced 8 to 20 mm, formed by etching to guide the current intensity between two strips of light. supply of current arranged along two opposite edges of the glazing.
    What is meant in the sense of the invention by "structural fold" is a transparent sheet of sufficient thickness to provide a desired mechanical strength, and which will also be described in more detail below. The laminated glazing unit of the invention comprises one or more, in particular at most three.
    To constitute said first sheet of glass, aluminosilicate matrix glass sheets with thicknesses as small as less than 1 mm are available on the market, this glass being capable of being chemically (and not thermally) reinforced and thus constituting mechanically resistant heating plies. , especially on the front faces of glazings. The use of a thin glass makes it possible to lower the regulation temperature, which has many advantages: - a reduced power consumption in the non-icing flight phases, as well as on the ground when the available power is limited - reduced thermomechanical constraints and therefore improved reliability, - reduced ground defrosting time, - a significant reduction in the risk of local overheating during ground ignition transients in cold conditions. The use of a glazing with flow separation lines (also known as flux lines) allows a better homogeneity of heating, which induces: a reduction of overall electrical power for the same specific power at the coldest point, - a reduction in the capacity of the electric generators, - a decrease in the temperature of the hottest zones that can cause aging of the glazing, - an easier positioning of the temperature probes, - a significant reduction of the risks of overheating local during the transients ground ignition in cold conditions.
    Thus, by the technical measures of the invention, the total power of a glazing to ensure the non-icing over its entire surface can be reduced while significantly improving the homogeneity of heating.
    According to other preferred characteristics of the laminated glazing unit of the invention: it comprises a second structural fold assembled to the first through a second intermediate adhesive layer; it comprises a second 0.5 to 1.5 mm thick glass sheet joined to said first or second structural fold by means of a third intermediate adhesive layer; said second glass sheet constitutes a second outer face of the laminated glazing, and the face of said second glass sheet facing said third intermediate adhesive layer carries a second heating conductor layer of 2 Angstroms at 500 nm thickness; said second conductive heating layer has flow separation lines 0.05 to 0.2 mm thick spaced 8 to 20 mm apart; said first and second structural folds each consist independently of one another in a glass sheet with a thickness of between 4 to 10 mm or a polymer material with a thickness of between 5 and 20 mm; it is advisable to limit the weight of the laminated glazing, in particular when it is intended for a transport vehicle: when all the structural plies are made of polymer material, for example, the sum of the thicknesses of all the structural plies does not exceed 30 mm; said first and second structural folds each consist, independently of each other, of a thermally or chemically strengthened semi-tempered glass sheet, or poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC); said first and second 0.5 to 1.5 mm thick glass sheets are chemically reinforced; said first, second and third intermediate adhesive layers consist, independently of one another, in a layer of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU) or poly (ethylene-vinyl acetate) (EVA) of 0.5 to 20, preferably 1 to 16 mm thick; said first and second conductive heating layers consist independently of each other in a conductive oxide layer such as tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnCVF) or aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) 20 to 500 nm thick, or a metal layer such as gold 2 to 100 Angstroms thick; the flow separation lines are arranged along substantially parallel lines which are connected substantially orthogonally to their respective two current supply belts and which have curvatures or inflections when said two bands or parts of said two facing strips form an angle between them ; this configuration increases the degree of homogeneity of temperatures over the entire surface of the heated laminated glazing: the cold point (s) are avoided and / or the difference between cold and hot points is reduced; said first or second heating conductive layer has a thickness gradient; it is to provide differences in electrical resistance over the entire surface of the conductive heating layer, again with the aim of increasing the homogeneity of the temperatures over the entire surface of the heated glazing in cold conditions. The invention furthermore relates to: the application of the laminated glazing described above as airplane or helicopter cockpit glazing; - such application as glazing anti-frost; the term "anti-icing" means the function of preventing the formation of frost on the outer face of the laminated glazing on the outside atmosphere side; the glass sheet constituting this face then carries a heating conductive layer according to the invention; - such application as anti-fog glazing; here denotes indifferently the fact of preventing the formation of steam (anti-fog function proper) or to remove fogging (defogging function) of the outer face of the laminated glazing on the inside of the vehicle; the glass sheet constituting this face then carries a heating conductive layer according to the invention. The invention will be better understood in the light of the description of the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 represents curves of the optimum regulation temperature as a function of the heating power ratio at the cold point on the heating power at the control point, referred to as Kc ratio, for different thicknesses of the glass sheet in contact with the constituent external atmosphere of the laminated glazing unit; - Figures 2a and 2b are schematic representations of a heated laminated glazing known respectively according to the invention; and FIGS. 3a and 3b are heating power or heating power decrease curves for different configurations of laminated glazing units.
    With reference to FIG. 1, it can be seen, for each of the thicknesses of the outer glass sheet, that the temperature of the heating pane is homogeneous over its entire surface, ie the ratio of heating powers to cold point / sensor is close to 1, plus the optimal control temperature (applied to the sensor) is low.
    Essentially, the lower the thickness of the outer glass sheet, the lower the optimal control temperature. For a Kc ratio of power at the cold / sensor point of 0.7, an optimum control temperature of 31 ° C is passed for an outer glass sheet of 3 mm thickness at an optimum regulation temperature of 17 °. C for an outer glass sheet 0.8 mm thick.
    The curves in Figure 1 are based on calculations that depend on convective assumptions and water collection on the glazing, assumptions that are obviously the same for the three curves of the figure.
    In Figures 2a and 2b, it has been considered two configurations of conventional windscreen type glazing, respectively "thin glass", presented in section.
    Each of the two laminated glazings 1 comprises a first and a second structural ply 4, 6, each consisting of a silicosodocalcic glass sheet in full thermal quenching (compressive surface stress of about 150 MPa) or chemical reinforcing 8 mm of thickness. The glass is not necessarily silicosodocalcique, but may be of the aluminosilicate type, or lithium ... The plies 4, 6 are bonded by a layer 5 of polyvinyl butyral 2 mm thick. The fold 6 constitutes the outer face 22 of the laminated glazing unit 1, on the inside cabin side.
    A sheet of glass 2 semi-tempered thermal or chemical reinforced 3 mm thick in Figure 2a, chemical reinforced 0.8 mm thick in Figure 2b, is glued to the first structural fold 4 via a layer of polyvinylbutyral 3 8 mm thick. The glass sheet 2 constitutes the outer face 21 of the laminated glazing unit 1, outside cabin side. The face of the glass sheet 2 facing the inside of the laminate carries a conductive heating layer 11 of tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) of 200 nm in thickness, with or without, depending on the samples, flow separation lines 0.08 mm thick spaced 10 mm, formed by laser etching.
    The presence or absence of flow separation lines or flow lines makes it possible to obtain different heating power homogeneities characterized by the ratios between the specific power developed in the coldest zone of the glazing and at the level of the probe. regulation: 0.6 without flux lines and 0.8 with flux lines in the present case.
    The electrical consumption of the glazing as a function of the ambient temperature is then calculated under dry convective conditions (150W / m2 / ° C). It is assumed here that the probe is representative of the average power of the glazing.
    For these calculations it was considered that the regulation temperature is adapted to the glazing.
    The results are recorded in the form of the equivalent curves of FIGS. 3a and 3b which show that, compared to the relatively thick glass pane of FIG. 2a without flux lines, the decrease in average specific power in W / m 2 is increasing for respective solutions: - 0.8 mm glass (Fig 2b) without flux lines, - 3 mm glass (Fig 2a) with flux lines, - 0.8 mm glass with flux lines.
    Gain is particularly important for helicopters often encountering flight conditions between -10 ° C and 30 ° C.
    The constant part of the two assembly configurations shown in Figures 2a and 2b can be replaced by a fold or two folds of PMMA or PC of total thickness typical of 5 to 30mm. The low thicknesses correspond rather to helicopter applications. Two structural plies of polymeric material can be glued to each other by a polyurethane layer.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. laminated glazing (1) comprising a first structural fold (4) assembled to a first sheet of glass (2) 0.5 to 1.5 mm thick by means of a first intermediate adhesive layer (3); ), characterized in that said first glass sheet (2) constitutes a first outer face (21) of the laminated glazing (1), in that the face of said first glass sheet (2) facing said first intermediate adhesive layer (3) carries a first conductive heating layer (11) of 2 Angstroms at 500 nm in thickness, and in that said first conductive heating layer (11) has flux separation lines of 0.05 to 0.2 mm thicknesses spaced 8 to 20 mm, formed by etching to guide the intensity of current between two current supply strips disposed along two opposite edges of the glazing (1).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. laminated glass (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a second structural fold (6) assembled to the first through a second intermediate adhesive layer (5).
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. laminated glass (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises a second glass sheet 0.5 to 1.5 mm thick assembled to said first (4) or second structural fold (6). ) via a third interlayer adhesive layer.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. laminated glass (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that said second glass sheet is a second outer face (22) of the laminated glazing (1), and in that the face of said second glass sheet oriented towards said third interlayer adhesive layer carries a second conductive heating layer of 2 Angstroms at 500 nm thickness.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. laminated glass (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that said second heating conductive layer has flow separation lines 0.05 to 0.2 mm thick spaced from 8 to 20 mm.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. laminated glazing (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that said first (4) and second (6) structural folds each consist independently of one another in a glass sheet of thickness between 4 to 10 mm or polymeric material with a thickness of between 5 and 20 mm.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Laminated glazing (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that said first (4) and second (6) structural folds each consist independently of one another in a thermally or chemically strengthened semi-tempered glass sheet , or poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC).
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Laminated glazing (1) according to one of claims 1 or 3, characterized in that said first (2) and second glass sheets of 0.5 to 1.5 mm thick are chemically reinforced.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Laminated glazing (1) according to one of claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that said first (3), second (5) and third intermediate adhesive layers consist, independently of one another in one layer of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU) or poly (ethylene-vinyl acetate) (EVA) of 0.5 to 20, preferably 1 to 16 mm thick.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. laminated glazing (1) according to one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that said first (11) and second conductive heating layers consist independently of one another in a conductive oxide layer such as tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (SnCVF) or aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) 20 to 500 nm thick, or a metal layer such as than gold from 2 to 100 Angstroms thick.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Laminated glazing (1) according to one of claims 1 or 5, characterized in that the flow separation lines are arranged in substantially parallel lines which are substantially orthogonally connected to their respective two current supply strips and which have curvatures or inflections when said two bands or parts of said two bands opposite form an angle between them.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Laminated glazing (1) according to one of claims 1 or 4, characterized in that said first (11) or second heating conductive layer has a thickness gradient.
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Application of a laminated glazing unit (11) according to one of the preceding claims as airplane or helicopter cockpit glazing.
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    14. Application according to claim 13 as glazing anti-frost.
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    15. Application of a laminated glazing unit (11) according to one of claims 13 or 14 as anti-fog glazing.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CA2987095A1|2017-01-05|
    RU2018103910A3|2019-11-26|
    FR3038249B1|2021-11-26|
    ES2825848T3|2021-05-17|
    EP3317097A1|2018-05-09|
    RU2018103910A|2019-08-05|
    KR20180025871A|2018-03-09|
    US10906626B2|2021-02-02|
    BR112017025608A2|2018-08-07|
    CN107889557B|2021-11-16|
    EP3317097B1|2020-08-05|
    CN107889557A|2018-04-06|
    US20180208293A1|2018-07-26|
    WO2017001792A1|2017-01-05|
    JP2018527276A|2018-09-20|
    RU2719987C2|2020-04-23|
    JP2021046351A|2021-03-25|
    BR112017025608B1|2022-01-04|
    引用文献:
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    FR3038249B1|2015-07-02|2021-11-26|Saint Gobain|HEATED GLAZING WITH THINNED EXTERIOR GLASS SHEET AND HEATING LAYER WITH FLOW SEPARATION LINES|FR3038249B1|2015-07-02|2021-11-26|Saint Gobain|HEATED GLAZING WITH THINNED EXTERIOR GLASS SHEET AND HEATING LAYER WITH FLOW SEPARATION LINES|
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    CN110996418A|2019-11-19|2020-04-10|中国南玻集团股份有限公司|Heating rack|
    法律状态:
    2016-07-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-01-06| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20170106 |
    2017-07-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-07-26| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-07-24| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-07-29| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1556269A|FR3038249B1|2015-07-02|2015-07-02|HEATED GLAZING WITH THINNED EXTERIOR GLASS SHEET AND HEATING LAYER WITH FLOW SEPARATION LINES|FR1556269A| FR3038249B1|2015-07-02|2015-07-02|HEATED GLAZING WITH THINNED EXTERIOR GLASS SHEET AND HEATING LAYER WITH FLOW SEPARATION LINES|
    CN201680039233.XA| CN107889557B|2015-07-02|2016-06-30|Heated glazing with thin outer glass sheet and heating layer containing shunt lines|
    ES16742358T| ES2825848T3|2015-07-02|2016-06-30|Thermal glazing with thin outer glass sheet and heating layer with flow parting lines|
    BR112017025608-8A| BR112017025608B1|2015-07-02|2016-06-30|HEATING GLASS WITH TUNE EXTERIOR GLASS SHEET AND HEATING LAYER WITH FLOW SEPARATION LINES|
    RU2018103910A| RU2719987C2|2015-07-02|2016-06-30|Heated glazing with thinned outer glass sheet and with heating layer with flow separation lines|
    JP2017568238A| JP2018527276A|2015-07-02|2016-06-30|Heated glazing having a thinned outer glass plate and a heating layer with a flow separation line|
    EP16742358.1A| EP3317097B1|2015-07-02|2016-06-30|Heating glazing with thinned outer sheet of glass and heating layer with flow separation lines|
    PCT/FR2016/051652| WO2017001792A1|2015-07-02|2016-06-30|Heating glazing with thinned outer sheet of glass and heating layer with flow separation lines|
    US15/738,757| US10906626B2|2015-07-02|2016-06-30|Heating glazing with thinned outer sheet of glass and heating layer with flow separation lines|
    CA2987095A| CA2987095A1|2015-07-02|2016-06-30|Heating glazing with thinned outer sheet of glass and heating layer with flow separation lines|
    KR1020177037406A| KR20180025871A|2015-07-02|2016-06-30|Heat glazing with a heating layer having a thin outer glass sheet and flow dividing line|
    JP2020182669A| JP2021046351A|2015-07-02|2020-10-30|Heating glazing with thinned outer sheet of glass and heating layer with flow separation lines|
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